Preparation&Procedure
1) Think on the following
questions: Where do we get information? How do we receive
media messages about the election campaigns and candidates.
a) Where do you get news about the election
campaign?
- With Television, street posters, internet advertisement and mobile phones.
b) What are other ways you might receive messages
about the campaign?
- With newspapers, by brochure dispersers, telephone messages.
c) How do your parents get information and news
about the campaign?
- With all of them above
2) Make sense of political genres. Go over the six different genres. Provide examples of television
shows or specific content for each genre.
a) News; Television talks like 1 on 1 or like 3 journalist questioning the canditates.
For eg; Who; Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
When; 26 May 2014
Where; Istanbul
Why; To gain more votes, to explain his promises to the nation and to answer journalist's questions whose made by the public.
What; 2014 Presidental Election
b) Advertisement; Street posters( they are everywhere ), Television adversitements such as election videos and of course election busses.( the ones with really really loud noise )
c) Opinion; Some journalists and moguls entered TV programs to discuss opinions and different perspectives about the elections. Many people from the public surprised when Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu has gived his step to the elections.
d) Advocacy; The biggest example for advocacy is meetings. Many big stages has been built for the canditates and with the stage he can speak to the crowd/public- his supporters. Beside meetings, every action that canditates did for to be selected by the nation are included in advocacy.
e) Entertainment; Comic books such as Leman, Uykusuz, Penguen, Ot etc. made a lots of comics about elections and canditates. Many of them are banned by the current goverment
f) Research; The result of the elections, demographic information, voters prefferances and so on...
Assignment Goals
1) Find examples of these genres within Turkey's 2014 presidental election campaigns of the three canditates.
- Television shows, brochures, telephone messages, internet advertisements, street posters, election busses, and talk shows.
2) You are expected to identify how persuasive appeals are used within each genre.
- News;
Mostly Logos persuasive appeal is used in this genre. Because most of the news ( 90 % ) are made by someone else whose is different from the canditate. So there isn't an '' I '' word in it so there is no Ethos. And due to it's structure news shouldn't have emotions and feelings in it. It must be objective. So there is no Pathos, only Logos.
- Advertisement;
In this genre the canditates used their authority, charisma and glamor to impress the public. So there of course there is Ethos. But with Ethos there is also Pathos. With Ethos and Pathos, the canditate has impressed and satisfied the public and required for vote.
- Opinion;
In this genre mostly Pathos and Logos has been used during the elections. Because while giving opinions about the elections the speakers or writers doesn't use their own specific appeals.
- Advocacy;
In this genre every persuasive appeal is used. Ethos, Pathos and Logos. Because literally every action in the election includes in advocacy.
- Entertainment;
In this genre Ethos and Pathos are mostly used. Because entertainment is all about having fun with something. People doesn't want or search logic or information in entertainment so there is no Logos.
- Research;
In this genre there is only Logos. Because it isn't a subjective topic. The informations whose in research must be objective on logical.
Discussion
1) Which genres were represented on the candidates’ campaign? Which ones were missing? Why do you think this is the case?
- All of them beside entertainment widely used by the canditates campaign. They did many actions to gain vote such as i explained at above. Election busses, posters, advertisement to TV's and newspapers ; everything. Entertainment didn't used by canditates that much because topics like presidental election taking too seriously by our nation. Literally we can't see this topic which is having fun with. So beside entertainment all of the genres used by the canditates.
2) Did certain messages fit more than one genre? Provide specific examples from the campaigns.
- Yes, of course. For example; the TV talk shows or big meetings. After all they are literally advertisement of the canditates. But it's also can have research genre if they throw up some researches about the trial elections. And also they can include in '' news '' headline according to 5 W's.
3) What are the benefits of a message fitting more than one genre? What are the drawbacks?
- It can reach wider ares and wider groups of people and cities. Not every person can understand the message in the same way. So if a message fits more than one genre it increases the success and delivery rate of the message to people. If we talk about the drawbacks, i can't see any. It's always good to have a message which has multiple ways of understanding.
4) What are some of the patterns in the stylistic techniques of each genre? Do some genres use certain techniques more or less than others?
- News; Visual and auditory or both
- Advertisements; Visual or auditory or both
- Opinion; Visual or auditory or both
- Advocacy; Visual or auditory or both
- Entertainment ; Visual and auditory or both
- Research; Mostly only visual
The ways we receive messages from a source are by our ears and eyes. So there is only visual and auditory tecniques. And no, beside research all the genres shares the same number of certain tecniques with others.
5) What are some of the patterns in the persuasive appeals of each genre? Do some genres rely on certain types of appeals more than others?
- To be honest, yes. Each genre has it's own unique types of appeals. But also many of them shares some appeals together. I already gived a detailed information about this question on Assignment Goals.
6) What percentage of each type of persuasive appeal do you believe falls into each genre?
- News; 100% Logos
- Advertisement; 70 % Ethos, 30 % Pathos
- Opinion; 50 % Pathos, 50 % Logos
- Advocacy; 33.3% Ethos, 33.3% Logos, 33.3% Pathos
- Entertainment; 100 % Pathos
- Research; 100% Logos
Key Ideas
- If you want to impress people with a message you should definately learn how to use Ethos, Pathos and Logos.
- By using this persuasive appeals you can impress almost anyone
- A message can provide different genres ( more then one ) with different appeals on that genres
- All the message genres can be used in various ways ( such as TV, radio )
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