Deconstructing Media Messages - Racism Folder

        Chosen Image ( New ) : Why blue eyed boys(and girls) are so brilliant ? 

1-  Whose message is this ? Who created or paid for it ? Why ?

      This message belongs to the demographic researchers i believe. ( maybe i should say racist demographic researchers ). They and their media has created this message. And they have created it for maybe for the things that they '' really '' believe but when you get right down to the purpose, it's all about their self-interesting and self-important behaviours. They know that a white person can be both dark or light eye colored but they also know that black people can't have light eye colors ( not if they doesn't have mixed genes ).

        2- Who is the “target audience”? What is their age, ethnicity, class, profession, interests, etc.? What words, images or sounds suggest this?

        This message's target audience is the both the light and dark eyed people. Light eyed people can feel prideful about this new, but the dark eyed people ( especially the black people ) whose are smart will feel angry about this new and the dark eyed people ( espeacially the black people ) whose are '' less-smart'' than the others will feel sad about this new.

        The message only gives us a though about the target audience's ethnicity but nothing more. And the target audience's ethnicity is both black and white people bır especially the black ones.

        '' Why blue eyed people are so brilliant ? '' headline is suggesting this.

        3- What is the “text” of the message? (What we actually see and/or hear: written or spoken words, photos, drawings, logos, design, music, sounds, etc.)

        The text of this message is quite obvious. The headline which is saying '' Why blue eyed boys(and girls) are so brilliant '' . Beneath it There is detailed information about the headline. And for the image part, there is a white blue eyed girl standing in front of us.

        4- What is the “subtext” of the message? (What do you think is the hidden or unstated meaning?)

        The message's subtext is pretty disturbing. The meain idea is that the dark eyed people can't be smarter as the light eyed people which is leading us to racism. This is clearly a disrespectful act for the people whose doesn't have light colored eyes. The people whose have dark colored eyes will get a negative energy from this message. 

        5- What kind of lifestyle is presented?

        The message contains all classes of the lifestyle. If we would say like '' White lamborghinies are better for summer drive than the black ones '' of course everyone will understand that we are talking about high level lifestyle. But having a dark or light eye color are nothing to do with lifestyle. So, low, middle and high, all of them !

        6- What values are expressed?

        The value has been observed by me in the news is having light colored eyes is playing a role to be a brilliant person ( which is not true ). If you have light colored eyes you will be more successful, clever, brilliant and smart than the people whose have dark colored eyes. And it's also telling to the dary colored eyed people to use their abilities in the ways whose doesn't require academical and intellegencial thinking. But of course it's subliminal.

        7- What “tools of persuasion” are used?

        The first persuasion tool that i believe in the message is Bandwagon tecnique has been used in here. Because when one read a new like this ; '' A new research has showed that the people whose have blue colored eyes are more brilliant than the other '', one can automatically think that '' Okay, this is a research, must be done by experienced professors, afterall if it comes to the newspaper it must be right and must be believed by many others ''. So it's a Bandwagon.

        The second persuasion tool that i believe in the message is Celebrity Spokesperson. Because when i look at the message i immediately see a woman named '' Lily Cole ''. And she is a model. Personally i don't know her but if the director of the newspaper wanted her to cover the new so it must be know by the country which the newspaper published in. In our 4th assignment we had a chart of persuasion tools. It says '' Uses a celebrity or famous person to endorse the '' product ''. The only difference in here is this is not a product, this is an ''idea''

        8- What positive messages are presented? What negative messages are presented?

        For me, there ain't any positive message on this new, but if one think superficial he/she can get a a positive message if he/she has light colored eyes. Like '' If you have light colored eyes you are brilliant than the others ''. Which is not true. 

        The negative messagee of the new is '' You are not brilliant enough to catch ligh colored eyed persons in a mind way if you have dark colored eyes ''

        9- What groups of people does this message empower? What groups does it disempower? How does this serve the media maker's interests?

        This message definately empowers the people whose have light colored eyes against the dark colored eyed persons. Which is pretty stupid because you can't select your gender, ethnicity or eye color before you born so...

        This message disempowers the people whose have dark colored eyes ( especially the black people ) against the people whose have light colored eyes. 

        I can't see the media maker's interests inside the message but i believe a chaos atmosphere in everything would work for the big boys ( media makers, rulers etc. )

        10- What part of the story is not being told? How and where could you get more information about the untold stories?

        In the new there is one academic research and some examples ( Celebrity Spokesperson ) has been shown. But of course i am not believing the accuracy of it. Millions of people can't be counted as a '' result '' in this case. But afterall, if we want to know untold stories of this message we should investigate the real results. How ever i am not believing it and i can prove that this is not a true research.

        Just tell me the eye color of the person whose right below :)))

        
        Yup ! That's exactly what i though :))

Deconstructing Media Messages - Gender

        Chosen Image ( Ad ) : IKEA, Sleep Well. Become Beauty

     We are constantly being bombarded with media messages on what to buy, what to think and who to vote for. Ads sell us products and they also sell us ideas. These ideas inform how we think about

our world and influence how we make decisions. At this point having the ability for '' seeing '' the messages become a very important skill to '' understand '' our environment

     I have choose this ad because i believe that this one is easier to deconstruct than other ones and easier too see the messages lies beneath it.

        1-  Whose message is this ? Who created or paid for it ? Why ?

     This message belongs to the IKEA company. They created & paid for it. They do created & paid for it to gain profit of it by getting attention of the target audience and indirect audience and to sale their bed.

       2- Who is the “target audience”? What is their age, ethnicity, class, profession, interests, etc.? What words, images or sounds suggest this?

     According to this ad, target audience is young adult and adult womans whose feeling tired, exhausted and ugly in the mornings. And maybe the womans whose having bed problems such as sleepness. The target age should be around 20-50 i believe. There's no text or subtext message which is related to the target audience's ethnicity, class, profession or interests. But simply any woman whose have thoughs about their beauty or having serious fatigue problems in the mornings, can be the target audience.

     Sleep Well, Become Beautiful, sentence is states that '' Your beauty depends on how you sleep '' or '' Your beauty depends on how well you sleep ''. So simply beauty is something all about sleep ( according to ad ). '' And be sure about this, Ikea can give you the best sleep '' ( according to ad ). So one of the target audience is womans whose feeling ugly, tired, exausted in the mornings.

     The adult woman in the ad's image touch upon on the target audience's age distance. Thats why i said young adult and adult womans around 20-50 years of age.

       3- What is the “text” of the message? (What we actually see and/or hear: written or spoken words, photos, drawings, logos, design, music, sounds, etc.)

     The text of the message is pretty simple. '' Sleep well, become beautiful '' sentence at the top of the message, A woman in the center of the message. At left her natural presence at right her presence with heavy make up and photoshop to make her beautiful. And a new pretty dress on her to make her look cleaner. '' New sultan matress collection '' word to describe the product's model. '' From 195,- to 4295,- '' sentence to describe it's price distance. And for last, the IKEA logo on the very bottom right of the advertisement to state that whose commercial is this.

       4- What is the “subtext” of the message? (What do you think is the hidden or unstated meaning?)

     The subtext of the ad is '' If you are not pretty enough, or tired, exausted, that's because of your bad bed choice ''. The statement '' New Sultan '' is also impressing the target audience. Since i have mentioned before that target audience is young adult & adult womans this is a very effective thing to say. Because nearly every woman will be pleased if someone call or treat them as a '' Sultan ''. And for all mankind, anything new is always more exciting.

       5- What kind of lifestyle is presented?

     It's hard so mention about the lifestyle which is presented in the advertisement because there's no information or tip about it. But i can say it's touch upon the middle or low class lifestyle. I think like that 'cause of Ikea is a company which is producing products for middle and low class people ( economical ). Their products isn't expensive much.

       6- What values are expressed?

     The most important value in the ad is beauty i believe. Because beauty is a huge part of a human life & passion especially for woman. Ikea represent this value by showing a woman's ugly and beautiful presences which is just related with their product.

       7- What “tools of persuasion” are used?

     The first one that i believe the Product Comparison tecnique has been used in here. The reason that i think like that because Ikea giving me the message '' New Sultan collection is the right decision for your beauty '' so, if there is a message such as this one there must be an subtext of it too, like yin -yang. And the subtext of it is '' The other beds are bad for your beauty '' . So, we can't see a comparison of the products at the first look but when we see the message and try to understand it's meaning we can see this subtext.

     The secound tecnique i believe in the ad is Plain Folk. I think like that because, there's no celebrity or well-known person on the ad. There's just a ordinary woman. And to be honest she isn't pretty so much. So, together this features of the ad telling us that '' She is one of you '' or '' You are her ! '' - if we agree on not all of the population are pretty -. So it's a Plain Folk.

       8- What positive messages are presented? What negative messages are presented?

     The positive message of the advertisement is '' If you feel ugly, tired or exausted in the mornings and feel no energy or feeling not pretty enough, Ikea beds are best for you to transform ugly to beauty just like in the woman whose in the advertisement ''.

     The negative message of the advertisement is '' If you keep sleeping on the beds which isn't ikea and complain about these thing, you will continue to complain because you are not sleeping in a Ikea bed '' .

       9- What groups of people does this message empower? What groups does it disempower? How does this serve the media maker's interests?

     This message empowers the woman whose does have an Ikea bed. Because they feel the power of belonging a group. And according to the message, it's a '' beautiful '' group :)

     On the other hand, this message disempowers the womans who doesn't have an Ikea bed and psychologically forcing them to buy one.

       10- What part of the story is not being told? How and where could you get more information about the untold stories?

     For example it doesn't give detailed information about the relation between sleeping well and being beautiful. That's one of the famous tricks of the advertisement. '' Give the main idea, leave the rest ''. Why this bed helping you to get beauty ? Or to be more accurate, '' How '' does it help you to get beauty ? These are the real questions. 

   We can get more detailed information about the untold stories just by searching the product via internet. Internet is the best way to get information literally about everything.

     

     

     

       

Making a Newspaper Front Page

    From www.makemynewspaper.com, i have done my homework for 6th week. Unfortunately i can't take a picture or a PDF file of it due to the websites rules i guess. It requires subscription. 

   You can see my work for 6th week by clicking here. I hope that you like it.

                                                                               - Talha Emir

Constructing a TV News Lineup

                                   

     Chosen Newspapers ; 

   - Hürriyet

   - Sabah

   - Milliyet

   - Haber Türk

  Date : 02 November 2015

   As we all know, we had an election on 1 November 2015. So the newspapers front pages & the headlines will be 90% all about the election. After this minimal remind, here we go ! 

                                                         Front Pages

       Hürriyet ;
                                                      

     When i look at the front page of the Hürriyet newspaper, i immediately saw a big headline about the result of the election. A detailed information about the vote distribution all around the Turkey, the quotes from the winning political party, the failure of the dissidence parties such as MHP, CHP and HDP, the comments about the election results by these party's leaders and some informations about currency values such as Euro and US Dollar.

   
    - Similar headlines with other newspapers that i've selected ;

       Sabah ; Information about the election ( not detailed as hürriyet ) on the front page of Sabah newspaper.

      Haber Türk ; Very much detailed information about the election results ( greater than the Hürriyet newspaper ), failure of the dissidence parties and comments about the election results by the leaders of these parties

     Milliyet ; There isn't any similar news in Milliyet newspaper with Hürriyet.


     - The unique new(s) of the Hürriyet newspaper ;

 - Information about current values ( $, etc )


      Sabah ;
                                                            

     When i look at the front page of the Sabah newspaper, i see some news about the football matches, TSK's operations to PKK in Dağlıca, artists that humiliate the nation ( the newspaper says it not me ), some news about the parallel structures inside the goverment ( newspapers says so ), some news about the election securities in the middle east side of the Turkey, surprisingly there isn't any news about the election results directly but indirectly; some words of the Davutoğlu shows their victory in the elections.


     - Similar headlines with other newspapers that i've selected ;

     Hürriyet ; Indirect information about the election results ( less detailed than Hürriyet ).

     Haber Türk ; Information about the elections

     Milliyet ; Information about the elections, the security information about the middle east side of the Turkey ( the operations of TSK )


     The unique new(s) of the Sabah newspaper ;

  - The new about artists humiliate the public


     Haber Türk ;
                                                         

     When i look at the front page of the Haber Türk newspaper it's fully covered with the election results. It gives very detailed information about the results and it gaved a wide area for the comment of the leaders of the dissidence parties. It shows direct words of the leaders such as Kılıçdaroğlu, Davutoğlu, Bahçeli and Demirtaş. It also gives information about the past elections of Turkey.


     - Similar headlines with other newspapers that i've selected ;

     Hürriyet ; The all information of the election results similar with Hürriyet headlines and front page. Only difference is Haber Türk gived more detailed information about the results and talked about past elections

     Sabah ; There isn't any similar headlines with Sabah on the Haber Türk newspaper. The only similar thing is they both mentioned the comments of the political party leaders

     Milliyet ; There is also no similar news between the front pages of Milliyet and Haber Türk. Indirectly they mentioned about the election results but there isn't any direck similar news


     The unique new(s) of the Haber Tütrk newspaper ;

     - The president Erdoğan gave a congratulation call to Davutoğlu


     Milliyet ;
                                                      

     When i look at the front page of the Milliyet newspaper, i see so much headlines. A new talking about a diamond brassiere, the price of the anchovy fishes, a new about the football match between Galatasaray and Benfica, a prison penalty to the president of Trabzonspor, some news about the TV series, military operation to PKK campbases, a new law desing about the traffic rules, some news about the aboard proscriptivity to 54 judges and public prosecutors and of course a new about the election results but in a indirect way such as '' The program of the first 100 days ( with the new goverment ) ''.


     - Similar headlines with other newspapers that i've selected ;

     Hürriyet ;  Only similarity in the front pages of Milliyet and Hürriyet is election program. Hürriyed gaved a very much wider area to the results which is Milliyet didn't

     Sabah ; There is a pair of similar informations between Sabah and Milliyet. One of them is of course election notes and another is Turkish Military Force's operations to PKK military bases in Dağlıca

     Haber Türk ; There isn't any similar information between Milliyet and Haber Türk, only similarty is election results


     The unique new(s) of the Haber Tütrk newspaper ;

     - A headline about a diamond brassiere

     - The price of the anchovy fishes

     - A law design about the traffic rules

     - Some news about the new TV series

     - A new about prison penalty to the president of Trabzonspor



    - Generally the news was all about the election results. Some of the front pages had more information about the results, some of them less. Some of them gaved a wide space to the results some of them didn't. Some of them have different news at their front pages some of them just gaved a big new about the elections and it's results.


     - Let's handle the TSK's operations on the Dağlıca in Milliyet and Sabah newspapers for comparison ;

     Sabah's headline ; '' Dağlıca'nın ezan hasreti bitti '' ( Dağlıca's yearning for the azan has been over )

    Now, when i read this headline i am thinking like they built a mosque to Dağlıca. I never think about the military operations or bombing to PKK or the area. So, for me this isn't a good headline for a new such as this one. The content of the new doesn't match with it's headline

     Milliyet's headline ; '' PKK sığınaklarına imha harekatı '' ( Annihilation operations to the PKK campbases )

     To me, this headline is better for this new. Especially if it has a content like this. The headline gives me the direct information which is very nice. As a newspaper reader i want simple, direct information. So it's good for me


     Headline Comparison ; If a person is religious maybe the first headline will give a good feeling to him / her. But of course it's something subjective. It's all about his/ her ' s beliefs and faiths. If one think objective, he / her will see the second headline is more suitable for the content

     Photograph Comparison ;

     In Sabah newspaper, as it's headline there isn't any good photograpth which attached to the content & new. Photograph shows us a green mosque which is top on a mountain. It's just fits with the headline, not the content. And sadly, the important thing in a new is contecnt. Photo doesn't suggect anything about the story but the headline.

     In Milliyet newspaper the new's photograph is not suitable with the content & story like on the Sabah newspaper. It just shows a PKK milita whose is stopped a truck and checking for ID card of the drivers which he isn't allowed to do that. When i look at that image i can't see anything which is related with the message. I can't see any signs of the military operations. The photo suggest me to think like PKK did something bad again, but hey, it's not a bad new tho.



                                                       TV News Lineup


     1) Election Results

     2) The dissidence party leaders comments about the election results

     3) TSK's operation to the PKK campbases

     4) Change of the currency values after the elections

     5) Aboard proscriptivity to the 54 judges and public prosecutors

     6) The artists and celebrities whose humiliate the public

     7) New about Galatasaray and Benfica football match

     8) The prison penalty to the president of the Trabzonspor club

     9) The diamond brassiere new

     10) The price of the anchovy fishes

    - I list the news in my Tv News Lineup as you can see. I gaved a proper order to them according to their importance.

     a) The most important thing was the elections and it's results on that day. So i gave the first and second places to that.

     b) The military operations to PKK is pretty serious thing too so i give the third place to that.

     c) Currency values draw the future of a country so i gave the forth place to that.

     d) Aboard proscriptivity to the 54 judges and public prosecutors will make a great influence on the pulics perspection to the countries law system so i gave the fifth place to it.

     e) Also the artists and celebrities words are important for their future and way so if they say a good or a bad thing it must be published, so i gived the sixth place to that.

     f) In our country football matches takes too much attention especially if they are Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe, Beşiktaş, Trabzonspor. So according to the priorities of our nation i gaved the seventh place to it.

     g) Also the president of the Trabzonspor club earned too much criticism about his statements. And especially the womans in our country wanted him to be punished so i gaved the eighth place to that.

     h) And last two news doesn't deserve to be a new for me but since the Lineup has to be 10 news i had to put them on.


 
     - I tryed to give my information objective to you. Because i believe that it's the key of the TV - social reports. Sadly, most of the newspapers reports news through their ideological approach and closeness to the goverment or some secular / occult societies. Especially in Turkey i strongly believe that. And again sadly, it demolished the objectivity of the news and the newspapers.

     - This assignment gived me the insight that i want to judge / question everthing i read ır everthing i hear. Because as i mentioned above news can be form for subjective ideologies. And since every person is different from each other, using subjective ideologies on a country or world-wide devide isn't well for our nation / world.


                                    And for the last, do not ever forget ;


                                         












 
   

Identifying Persuasion in Advertising

       Chosen Advertisement : SEAT Altea. Finally a Family Sports Car

  I have choose this advertisement because i think it's the most effective one among them ( the other ones ).

       What is the message ? Explain

  The message of this advertisement is, ''The car named Seat Altea is a sports car made for your family''. A pregnant woman in the advertisement makes me feel like - if i had a wife which is pregnant or have a childs and family etc.- my family going to be okay, protected, safe and comford in the car.

       What persuasive technique is being employed? Explain

  I think there are more than one persuasive tecnique in the ad. I am going to explain the reason why i think like that.

  - First of all i think one of the persuasive techniques we have in this ad is Plain Folk. I think like that because this tecnique is better than the other ones for this ad. The women in the ad isn't a celebrity. She is only a ordinary woman. Which makes the audience think '' She is one of us ''. Even some of the female audiences can see themselves in the ad if they are pregnant or married etc. Thanks why its a Plain Folk

  - The second persuasive technique that i think in the ad is ( maybe in a indirect way but worth to discuss ) Emotional Appeals. I made this statement with thinking like i have a family. After all like fear or sadness, the desire to be protected, protection, to give a save life to my wife and childs is a pretty strong emotion aswell. 

  - The third persuasive technique that i see in the ad is ( this one is pretty indirect but still worth to discuss like Emotional Appeals ) Product Comparison. The reason that i think liek this because; Consider there are a lots of car advertisements on TV. Most of them are showing the power, interior or exterior design or the price of their cars. Then suddenly you see this ad ( Seat Altea one ). This is the only ad that attacks your emotions. And also it is the only ad that showing you a ordinary human beign just like you. On the paper you won't compare the cars with each other, but subliminally you will think '' I guess the Seat Altea is better for my family '' inside your brain. Thats why it's also a Product Comparison in the head :-)

      Who is the target audience? Explain

  Clearly, the target audience is the families, the couples whose thinking to become a family or the couples whose are about to be a family and with a indirect way young adults which are in the middle class :). The slogan is made for this specific audience, the pregnant woman in the ad is put there to aim this specific audience. And after all Seat isn't a very luxury car. If one young aduly wants to buy a sports car and looking for a economical one, maaybe he can think about this car. 

So lets say;

- Families,

- The couples whose thinking to become a family,

- The couples whose about to become a family,

- And some of the young adults ( in a indirect way )


       Is this an effective ad? Why or why not?


  I think it's an effective advertisement in some way and it's not in another way.

The reason that i think it's an effective ad is; 

  It uses great persuasive techniques to impress the audience; Product Comparison, Emotional Appeals and Plain Folks. I am not a customer whose the target of this advertisement in a logic way but indirectly i am as i explained in the target audience section. It makes you think this car is the best one for my family, wife n kids. So it's a powerful advertisement.

The reason that i think it's not an effective ad is;

  Think about the bigger families. If the advertisement's slogan would be like '' Finally, a small family sports car '' this article wouldn't be exist. For example; I am a guy which have a wife and 6 kids. Is the Seat Altea the car which is the best for my family? No i don't think so...

     

Identifying Genres & Persuasion in Political Discourse

                                            Preparation&Procedure

  1) Think on the following questions: Where do we get information? How do we receive media messages about the election campaigns and candidates. 

a) Where do you get news about the election campaign?

-  With Television, street posters, internet advertisement and mobile phones.

b) What are other ways you might receive messages about the campaign?

-  With newspapers, by brochure dispersers, telephone messages.

c) How do your parents get information and news about the campaign?

-  With all of them above

  2) Make sense of political genres. Go over the six different genres. Provide examples of television shows or specific content for each genre.

  a) News; Television talks like 1 on 1 or like 3 journalist questioning the canditates.

For eg; Who; Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

            

             When; 26 May 2014 

             Where; Istanbul

             Why; To gain more votes, to explain his promises to the nation and to answer journalist's questions whose made by the public.

             What; 2014 Presidental Election

  b) Advertisement; Street posters( they are everywhere ), Television adversitements such as election videos and of course election busses.( the ones with really really loud noise )

  c) Opinion; Some journalists and moguls entered TV programs to discuss opinions and different perspectives about the elections. Many people from the public surprised when Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu has gived his step to the elections.

  d) Advocacy; The biggest example for advocacy is meetings. Many big stages has been built for the canditates and with the stage he can speak to the crowd/public- his supporters. Beside meetings, every action that canditates did for to be selected by the nation are included in advocacy.

  e) Entertainment; Comic books such as Leman, Uykusuz, Penguen, Ot etc. made a lots of comics about elections and canditates. Many of them are banned by the current goverment 

  f) Research; The result of the elections, demographic information, voters prefferances and so on...

                         Assignment Goals

  1) Find examples of these genres within Turkey's 2014 presidental election campaigns of the three canditates.

- Television shows, brochures, telephone messages, internet advertisements, street posters, election busses, and talk shows.

  2) You are expected to identify how persuasive appeals are used within each genre.

- News;

   Mostly Logos persuasive appeal is used in this genre. Because most of the news ( 90 % ) are made by someone else whose is different from the canditate. So there isn't an '' I '' word in it so there is no Ethos. And due to it's structure news shouldn't have emotions and feelings in it. It must be objective. So there is no Pathos, only Logos.

  - Advertisement; 

  In this genre the canditates used their authority, charisma and glamor to impress the public. So there of course there is Ethos. But with Ethos there is also Pathos. With Ethos and Pathos, the canditate has impressed and satisfied the public and required for vote.

  - Opinion;

  In this genre mostly Pathos and Logos has been used during the elections. Because while giving opinions about the elections the speakers or writers doesn't use their own specific appeals.

  - Advocacy;

  In this genre every persuasive appeal is used. Ethos, Pathos and Logos. Because literally every action in the election includes in advocacy.

- Entertainment;

  In this genre Ethos and Pathos are mostly used. Because entertainment is all about having fun with something. People doesn't want or search logic or information in entertainment so there is no Logos.

- Research;

  In this genre there is only Logos. Because it isn't a subjective topic. The informations whose in research must be objective on logical.

                            Discussion

  1)  Which genres were represented on the candidates’ campaign? Which ones were missing? Why do you think this is the case?

- All of them beside entertainment widely used by the canditates campaign. They did many actions to gain vote such as i explained at above. Election busses, posters, advertisement to TV's and newspapers ; everything. Entertainment didn't used by canditates that much because topics like presidental election taking too seriously by our nation. Literally we can't see this topic which is having fun with. So beside entertainment all of the genres used by the canditates.

  2)  Did certain messages fit more than one genre? Provide specific examples from the campaigns.

  - Yes, of course. For example; the TV talk shows or big meetings. After all they are literally advertisement of the canditates. But it's also can have research genre if they throw up some researches about the trial elections. And also they can include in '' news '' headline according to 5 W's.

  3) What are the benefits of a message fitting more than one genre? What are the drawbacks?

  - It can reach wider ares and wider groups of people and cities. Not every person can understand the message in the same way. So if a message fits more than one genre it increases the success and delivery rate of the message to people. If we talk about the drawbacks, i can't see any. It's always good to have a message which has multiple ways of understanding.

  4) What are some of the patterns in the stylistic techniques of each genre? Do some genres use certain techniques more or less than others?

  - News; Visual and auditory or both
 
  - Advertisements; Visual or auditory or both

  - Opinion; Visual or auditory or both

  - Advocacy; Visual or auditory or both

  - Entertainment ; Visual and auditory or both

  - Research; Mostly only visual

  The ways we receive messages from a source are by our ears and eyes. So there is only visual and auditory tecniques. And no, beside research all the genres shares the same number of certain tecniques with others.

  5) What are some of the patterns in the persuasive appeals of each genre? Do some genres rely on certain types of appeals more than others?

  - To be honest, yes. Each genre has it's own unique types of appeals. But also many of them shares some appeals together. I already gived a detailed information about this question on Assignment Goals.

  6) What percentage of each type of persuasive appeal do you believe falls into each genre?

  - News; 100% Logos

  - Advertisement; 70 % Ethos, 30 % Pathos

  - Opinion; 50 % Pathos, 50 % Logos

  - Advocacy; 33.3% Ethos, 33.3% Logos, 33.3% Pathos

  - Entertainment; 100 % Pathos

  - Research; 100% Logos

                                 Key Ideas

  - If you want to impress people with a message you should definately learn how to use Ethos, Pathos and Logos.

  - By using this persuasive appeals you can impress almost anyone

  - A message can provide different genres ( more then one ) with different appeals on that genres

  - All the message genres can be used in various ways ( such as TV, radio )